Global Infrastructure

What is an AWS Region?

• AA single data center
• BA geographic area containing multiple, isolated Availability Zones✓
• CA group of edge locations for content delivery
• DA virtual network within AWS

Answer: An AWS Region is a geographic area consisting of multiple, physically separated and isolated Availability Zones (AZs), providing fault tolerance and stability for cloud applications.

What is an AWS Availability Zone?

• AA geographic region where AWS operates
• BOne or more discrete data centers with redundant power, networking, and connectivity✓
• CA content delivery network node
• DA virtual private cloud segment

Answer: An Availability Zone (AZ) consists of one or more discrete data centers with redundant power, networking, and connectivity within a Region, providing isolation from failures in other AZs.

What is AWS CloudFront's edge location used for?

• ARunning EC2 instances closer to end users
• BCaching content closer to end users to reduce latency✓
• CStoring RDS database replicas globally
• DProviding direct connections to on-premises data centers

Answer: CloudFront edge locations are globally distributed points of presence that cache copies of your content closer to end users, reducing latency and improving transfer speeds for content delivery.

What is AWS Local Zones?

• AData centers located within customer premises
• BAn extension of an AWS Region placed in metro areas to run latency-sensitive applications closer to end users✓
• CSmall AWS facilities for IoT data collection
• DDedicated hardware for government workloads

Answer: AWS Local Zones are an extension of AWS infrastructure placed in large metro areas, allowing you to run latency-sensitive portions of applications closer to end users while connecting to the parent AWS Region.

What are AWS Wavelength Zones?

• AHigh-availability zones within a Region for redundancy
• BAWS infrastructure embedded within 5G networks to deliver ultra-low latency applications for mobile devices✓
• CSpecial zones for quantum computing workloads
• DEdge caching nodes for CloudFront distributions

Answer: AWS Wavelength embeds AWS compute and storage services within 5G networks, enabling developers to build applications that deliver ultra-low latency to mobile and connected devices at the network edge.

How many Availability Zones does AWS recommend using for highly available applications?

• AAt least 1
• BAt least 2✓
• CAt least 3
• DAt least 5

Answer: AWS recommends using at least 2 Availability Zones for high availability, so that if one AZ experiences an outage, the application continues running in the other AZ without interruption.

A solutions architect wants a web tier that survives the loss of an entire data centre without downtime, while keeping all resources in one Region for data-residency reasons. What is the minimum recommended deployment?

• ASpread instances across at least two Availability Zones behind a load balancer✓
• BDeploy all instances in a single Availability Zone with frequent backups
• CDeploy the application in two separate Regions
• DUse a single large instance with an attached Elastic IP

Answer: Availability Zones are physically separate data centres within one Region. Spreading instances across two or more AZs behind a load balancer keeps the application running if one AZ (data centre) fails, while staying within a single Region for data residency. A single AZ or single instance is a single point of failure.

A media company needs single-digit-millisecond compute close to mobile users on a carrier's 5G network for an augmented-reality feature. Which AWS infrastructure offering is purpose-built for this?

• AAWS Regions
• BAvailability Zones
• CAWS Wavelength✓
• DAmazon CloudFront edge locations

Answer: AWS Wavelength embeds AWS compute and storage inside telecommunications providers' 5G networks, delivering ultra-low latency to mobile devices for use cases like AR/VR and real-time gaming. Regions/AZs and CloudFront edge caches are not embedded in the 5G data path.